What Should I Plant In Spring?

“I’m quite new to backyard farming and I’m eager to get started this spring! I have a small plot of land in my backyard and live in the countryside. What should I be planting this season to ensure a good harvest? Any tips for a beginner would be appreciated!” Thanks, Stephanie, Vermont, USA.

What Should I Plant In Spring?

Spring is such a wonderful time to jumpstart your backyard farming project, Stephanie! The air is getting warmer, the days are getting longer, and the soil is just waking up from its winter slumber. Let’s explore what you can plant to make the most of these conditions.

Understanding Your Local Climate

Before jumping into specific plants, it’s crucial to understand your local climate. Vermont has a specific set of conditions that can directly affect what you should be growing. For example:

• Last Frost Date: Knowing your approximate last frost date (typically late May in Vermont) is important. Tender plants shouldn’t be sown or transplanted until the risk of frost is behind you.
• Soil Temperature: Ensure the soil is warm enough for seeds to germinate. Many plants thrive in soil temperatures ranging from 60°F to 70°F.

What Vegetables to Plant in Spring

Cool-Season Crops

These are the first veggies that should go into the ground. Cool-season crops can handle chilly nights and occasional frosts. Here are your best bets, Stephanie:

• Radishes: These fast-growing veggies can be ready to harvest within 3-4 weeks. Sow them directly into the soil.
• Peas: They prefer cooler temperatures and can be planted as soon as the soil can be worked.
• Spinach: Like peas, spinach thrives in cooler weather. It’s also quite hardy.
• Carrots: Sow these directly into the ground; they’re another crop that loves springtime.
• Lettuce: Perfect for spring, lettuce can be planted early, and there are many varieties to try.

Warm-Season Crops

These crops should wait until after your last frost date. They need warmer soil to thrive:

• Tomatoes: Start these indoors about six to eight weeks before the last frost date and transplant outside when it’s warm.
• Peppers: Like tomatoes, these should also be started indoors first.
• Zucchini and Squash: These can be sown directly into warm soil post-frost.
• Beans: Wait for the soil to warm up, then sow them directly into your garden.
• Cucumbers: These prefer warm temperatures and can be directly sown after the last frost.

Best Herbs to Plant in Spring

Adding herbs to your garden provides flavor for your kitchen and can even help deter pests:

• Basil: A warm-season herb, basil should wait until the threat of frost is past.
• Cilantro: Tolerates cooler temperatures and should be planted early in spring.
• Dill: Like cilantro, dill enjoys cooler weather and can be sown early.
• Mint: This hardy herb can be planted early but watch out—it can spread quickly!
• Parsley: Another hardy herb, parsley can be planted early in the season.

Fruit to Consider

Think about adding some fruit to your backyard farm as well:

• Strawberries: Plant these early in the spring, and you’ll have a sweet treat by early summer.
• Raspberries: Consider getting a few canes; these can provide fruit for years to come.
• Blueberries: These are perfect for Vermont’s acidic soil but do require a couple of years to get established.

Preparing Your Soil

Good soil preparation can make a significant difference in the health of your plants and the yield of your garden:

• Test Your Soil: Kits are available that can test pH and nutrient content. Knowing your soil’s current state helps in preparing it better.
• Amend as Needed: If the soil is too acidic or lacking in nutrients, add compost or specific fertilizers to bring it up to par.
• Loosen the Soil: Use a garden fork or tiller to break up compact soil, allowing roots to penetrate and water to drain well.

Watering Tips

Ensuring your plants get the right amount of water is key:

• Consistency: Regular watering is important, especially for seedlings. Avoid letting the soil dry out completely between waterings.
• Morning Watering: Watering in the morning helps to reduce evaporation and gives plants a chance to absorb moisture before the heat of the day.
• Mulching: Adding mulch around your plants can help retain moisture and reduce the need for frequent watering.

Companion Planting

Certain plants grow better together, which can lead to a healthier, more productive garden:

• Tomatoes and Basil: Basil can help repel pests that like tomatoes.
• Carrots and Onions: Onions can deter carrot flies, which makes both crops healthier.
• Cucumbers and Nasturtiums: Nasturtiums attract aphids away from your cucumber plants.

Dealing with Pests

Pests can be a challenge, but there are natural ways to handle them:

• Neem Oil: This natural oil can be sprayed on plants to deter a variety of garden pests.
• Introduce Beneficial Insects: Ladybugs and predatory beetles can control aphids and other harmful insects.
• Companion Planting (Again): Plants like marigolds can repel nematodes and other pests.

Starting a backyard farm can be incredibly rewarding, and spring is the perfect time to get things going. Make sure to choose a combination of cool-season and warm-season crops, ensuring a continuous harvest through summer and into fall. Don’t forget to take care of your soil and water regularly. By incorporating some of these tips and tricks, you’ll be on your way to a bountiful backyard farm!

Final Thoughts…

Stephanie, thank you for your question! It’s fantastic that you’re beginning your backyard farming journey. By understanding your local climate, choosing the right crops, and preparing your soil, you’ll set a strong foundation for a successful harvest. Enjoy the process, and happy gardening!